01046b01e4
Umfangreiche Erweiterung der Skill-Bibliothek: Neue Skills für Humanisierung (Englisch/PT-BR), Design-Validierung, AI-SEO und Coolify-Deployment inkl. Regelwerke, Presets, Pattern-Referenzen, Testfälle und Automatisierungsskripte. Zusätzliche Skills für Revenue-Centric Design, Pier Cloud, OKF, Lebenslauf- und LinkedIn-Optimierung sowie zahlreiche Referenzdateien, Checklisten und YAML/JSON/Markdown-Templates. Einführung einer vollständigen OpenWiki-Dokumentation mit Architektur-, Domain- und Workflow-Beschreibungen, zentralem Index und automatisierten Updates. Modularer Aufbau, restriktive Lizenzen und umfassende Qualitäts- und Evaluationsmechanismen für alle neuen Inhalte.
713 lines
21 KiB
Markdown
713 lines
21 KiB
Markdown
# SEO Full Stack for Astro
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Complete reference for implementing technical SEO, structured data, agent discovery, and performance in Astro sites. Based on the `@jdevalk/astro-seo-graph` stack + complementary patterns.
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> **Sources:** [Astro SEO: the definitive guide](https://joost.blog/astro-seo-complete-guide/) by Joost de Valk + official [astro-seo-graph](https://github.com/jdevalk/seo-graph/tree/main/packages/astro-seo-graph) documentation.
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---
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## 1. Installation
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```bash
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pnpm add @jdevalk/astro-seo-graph @jdevalk/seo-graph-core
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```
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`@jdevalk/seo-graph-core` is a transitive dep, but depending on it explicitly lets you pin the version and import piece builders directly.
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---
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## 2. `<Seo>` Component — Unified Head Metadata
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A single component replaces all manual `<head>` management:
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```astro
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---
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import Seo from '@jdevalk/astro-seo-graph/Seo.astro';
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---
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<Seo
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title="My Post | My Site"
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description="A concise description for search engines."
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canonical="https://example.com/my-post/"
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ogType="article"
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ogImage="https://example.com/og/my-post.jpg"
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ogImageAlt="My Post"
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ogImageWidth={1200}
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ogImageHeight={675}
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siteName="My Site"
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twitter={{ card: 'summary_large_image', site: '@handle' }}
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article={{ publishedTime: publishDate, tags: ['Astro', 'SEO'] }}
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graph={graph}
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extraLinks={[
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{ rel: 'icon', type: 'image/svg+xml', href: '/favicon.svg' },
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{ rel: 'sitemap', href: '/sitemap-index.xml' },
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{ rel: 'alternate', type: 'application/rss+xml', href: '/feed.xml', title: 'RSS' },
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]}
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/>
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```
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### Automatic behaviors
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- **Canonical** derived from Astro's `site` config, query params stripped by default (UTMs don't create duplicates)
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- **Robots** always includes `max-snippet:-1`, `max-image-preview:large`, `max-video-preview:-1`
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- **Canonical omitted when `noindex: true`** (per Google's recommendation)
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- **Duplicate Twitter tags suppressed** — Twitter falls back to OG automatically
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- **hreflang alternates** with BCP 47 normalization and automatic `x-default`
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- **`og:locale:alternate`** emitted automatically from the `alternates` prop
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---
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## 3. Connected JSON-LD Graph (`@graph`)
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A standalone `BlogPosting` isn't enough. The goal is an interlinked graph via `@id`:
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```typescript
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// src/utils/schema.ts
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import {
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buildWebSite, buildBlog, buildPerson,
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buildWebPage, buildArticle, buildBreadcrumbList,
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makeIds,
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} from '@jdevalk/seo-graph-core';
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const SITE_URL = 'https://example.com';
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const ids = makeIds({ siteUrl: SITE_URL });
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export function buildBlogPostGraph(post: { title: string; url: string; publishDate: Date; description: string }) {
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return {
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'@context': 'https://schema.org',
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'@graph': [
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buildWebSite({
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url: SITE_URL,
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name: 'My Site',
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publisher: { '@id': ids.person },
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potentialAction: {
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'@type': 'SearchAction',
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target: { '@type': 'EntryPoint', urlTemplate: `${SITE_URL}/search?q={search_term_string}` },
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'query-input': 'required name=search_term_string',
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},
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}, ids),
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buildBlog({ url: `${SITE_URL}/blog/`, name: 'Blog', publisher: { '@id': ids.person } }, ids),
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buildPerson({
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url: SITE_URL,
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name: 'Your Name',
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knowsAbout: ['Astro', 'SEO', 'Web Development'],
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sameAs: ['https://github.com/your-user', 'https://linkedin.com/in/your-user'],
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}, ids),
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buildWebPage({
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url: post.url,
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name: post.title,
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isPartOf: { '@id': ids.website },
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breadcrumb: { '@id': ids.breadcrumb(post.url) },
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datePublished: post.publishDate,
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}, ids),
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buildArticle({
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url: post.url,
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isPartOf: { '@id': ids.webPage(post.url) },
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author: { '@id': ids.person },
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publisher: { '@id': ids.person },
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headline: post.title,
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description: post.description,
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datePublished: post.publishDate,
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}, ids, 'BlogPosting'),
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],
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};
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}
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```
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### Trust Signals in the Schema
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Include these to strengthen authority:
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| Property | Where | Purpose |
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| `publishingPrinciples` | `WebSite` / `Person` | Editorial policy |
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| `copyrightHolder` + `copyrightYear` | `WebPage` | Copyright ownership |
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| `knowsAbout` | `Person` | Topical authority |
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| `SearchAction` | `WebSite` | Tells agents how to search the site |
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| `sameAs` | `Person` / `Organization` | Social profiles = identity verification |
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### `articleBody` in Schema
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Include full text (up to 10K chars) so agents can access content via structured data without scraping:
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```typescript
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buildArticle({
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// ...
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articleBody: post.bodyText.slice(0, 10000),
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}, ids, 'BlogPosting'),
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```
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---
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## 4. Breadcrumbs Linked to the Graph
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```typescript
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import { breadcrumbsFromUrl } from '@jdevalk/astro-seo-graph';
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import { buildBreadcrumbList, makeIds } from '@jdevalk/seo-graph-core';
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const ids = makeIds({ siteUrl: 'https://example.com' });
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const items = breadcrumbsFromUrl({
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url: Astro.url,
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siteUrl: 'https://example.com',
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pageName: post.data.title,
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names: { blog: 'Blog', category: 'Category' },
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});
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const breadcrumb = buildBreadcrumbList({ url: Astro.url.href, items }, ids);
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```
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Each breadcrumb item can reference a graph entity via `@id`, communicating the structural relationship between page and section.
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---
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## 5. Content Schema Validation (Zod)
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```typescript
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// src/content.config.ts
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import { defineCollection, z } from 'astro:content';
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import { seoSchema, imageSchema } from '@jdevalk/astro-seo-graph';
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const blog = defineCollection({
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schema: ({ image }) => z.object({
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title: z.string(),
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publishDate: z.coerce.date(),
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featureImage: imageSchema(image).optional(),
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seo: seoSchema(image).optional(),
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}),
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});
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```
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- `seoSchema` validates title (5–120 chars) and description (15–160 chars) — build fails if outside limits
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- `imageSchema` requires `alt` — image without alt won't compile
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---
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## 6. Build-Time Validation
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```typescript
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// astro.config.mjs
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import seoGraph from '@jdevalk/astro-seo-graph/integration';
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export default defineConfig({
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integrations: [
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seoGraph({
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// All enabled by default:
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validateH1: true, // 0 or >1 H1 = warning
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validateUniqueMetadata: true, // Duplicate title/desc across pages
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validateImageAlt: true, // <img> without alt
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validateMetadataLength: { // SERP-safe bounds
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title: { min: 30, max: 65 },
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description: { min: 70, max: 200 },
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},
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validateInternalLinks: { // Broken internal links or missing trailing slash
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skip: (href) => href.startsWith('/api/'),
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},
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}),
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],
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});
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```
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### What each validation catches:
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- **H1**: Templates with duplicate or missing H1
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- **Duplicates**: Paginated pages sharing the same title (corpus-level bug)
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- **Alt text**: Images missed over the years
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- **Meta length**: Titles truncated in SERP or invisible descriptions
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- **Internal links**: `/about-me` without trailing slash that works via 301 but wastes a round-trip
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### CI: External Broken Link Checker
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For external links (internal validation doesn't cover), use [lychee](https://github.com/lycheeverse/lychee-action) in GitHub Actions:
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```yaml
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# .github/workflows/links.yml
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name: Check Links
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on:
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push:
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paths: ['src/content/**']
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schedule:
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- cron: '0 6 * * 1' # Weekly for link rot
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jobs:
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links:
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runs-on: ubuntu-latest
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steps:
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- uses: actions/checkout@v4
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- uses: lycheeverse/lychee-action@v2
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with:
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args: --verbose --no-progress 'src/content/**/*.md'
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```
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---
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## 7. Advanced Sitemaps
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### Per-Collection with chunks
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```typescript
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import sitemap from '@astrojs/sitemap';
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sitemap({
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entryLimit: 1000,
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chunks: {
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posts: (item) => {
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if (/^\/blog\/[^/]+/.test(new URL(item.url).pathname)) return item;
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},
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pages: (item) => item, // default bucket
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},
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});
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```
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Produces: `sitemap-posts-0.xml`, `sitemap-pages-0.xml` — makes debugging easier in Google Search Console.
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### Git-based lastmod
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```typescript
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import { gitLastmod } from '@jdevalk/astro-seo-graph';
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// In the sitemap serialize callback:
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serialize(item) {
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const filePath = urlToFilePath(item.url); // your logic
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const lastmod = gitLastmod(filePath, {
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excludeCommits: ['abc1234'], // bulk imports that don't count
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});
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return { ...item, lastmod: lastmod ?? item.lastmod };
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}
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```
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`gitLastmod` uses `git log` for the real timestamp of the last commit that touched the file — doesn't depend on filesystem `mtime` (which resets on CI).
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---
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## 8. IndexNow — Active Notification
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IndexNow notifies Bing, Yandex, and others that URLs changed, instead of waiting for passive crawl.
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### Configuration
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```typescript
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// astro.config.mjs
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seoGraph({
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indexNow: {
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key: process.env.INDEXNOW_KEY!,
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host: 'example.com',
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siteUrl: 'https://example.com',
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filter: (url) => !/^\/blog\/\d+\/$/.test(new URL(url).pathname), // Exclude pagination
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},
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});
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```
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### Key Route (ownership verification)
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```typescript
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// src/pages/[your-key-here].txt.ts
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import { createIndexNowKeyRoute } from '@jdevalk/astro-seo-graph';
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export const GET = createIndexNowKeyRoute({ key: 'your-key-here' });
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```
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### Deploy order matters
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1. Deploy the key route first
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2. Confirm `https://example.com/your-key.txt` returns 200
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3. Only then enable `indexNow` in the integration
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> Submissions before the key is reachable = HTTP 403 and key permanently invalidated.
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### Direct IndexNow API
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For manual or custom submission:
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```bash
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# Single URL
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curl "https://api.indexnow.org/indexnow?url=https://example.com/new-post/&key=YOUR_KEY"
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# Batch (up to 10,000 URLs per POST)
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curl -X POST https://api.indexnow.org/indexnow \
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-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
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-d '{
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"host": "example.com",
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"key": "YOUR_KEY",
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"urlList": [
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"https://example.com/post-1/",
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"https://example.com/post-2/"
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]
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}'
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```
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---
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## 9. Auto-Generated OG Images
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Pipeline: **satori** (JSX → SVG) → **sharp** (SVG → JPEG)
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```typescript
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// src/pages/og/[...slug].jpg.ts
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import satori from 'satori';
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import sharp from 'sharp';
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import { getCollection } from 'astro:content';
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export async function getStaticPaths() {
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const posts = await getCollection('blog');
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return posts.map((p) => ({ params: { slug: p.id } }));
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}
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export async function GET({ params }) {
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const posts = await getCollection('blog');
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const post = posts.find((p) => p.id === params.slug);
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if (!post) return new Response('Not found', { status: 404 });
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const fontData = await fetch('https://cdn.example.com/fonts/Inter-Bold.ttf')
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.then((r) => r.arrayBuffer());
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const svg = await satori(
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{
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type: 'div',
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props: {
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style: {
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width: '100%', height: '100%',
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display: 'flex', flexDirection: 'column',
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justifyContent: 'center', padding: '60px',
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background: 'linear-gradient(135deg, #1a1a2e, #16213e)',
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color: '#ffffff', fontFamily: 'Inter',
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},
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children: [
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{ type: 'div', props: { style: { fontSize: '48px', fontWeight: 700, lineHeight: 1.2 }, children: post.data.title } },
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{ type: 'div', props: { style: { fontSize: '24px', marginTop: '20px', opacity: 0.8 }, children: 'example.com' } },
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],
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},
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},
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{ width: 1200, height: 675, fonts: [{ name: 'Inter', data: fontData, weight: 700 }] },
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);
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const jpeg = await sharp(Buffer.from(svg)).jpeg({ quality: 80 }).toBuffer();
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return new Response(jpeg, {
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headers: { 'Content-Type': 'image/jpeg', 'Cache-Control': 'public, max-age=31536000, immutable' },
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});
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}
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```
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**Why JPEG and not WebP/AVIF?** Social platforms don't reliably support modern formats yet.
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**Size: 1200×675** — Google Discover requires ≥1200px width, and 16:9 works well cross-platform.
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The `<Seo>` component derives the OG image URL from the slug automatically:
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```typescript
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const slug = Astro.url.pathname.replace(/^\/|\/$/g, '');
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const ogImage = new URL(`/og/${slug || 'index'}.jpg`, SITE_URL).toString();
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```
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---
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## 10. Agent Discovery
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### Schema Endpoints (corpus-wide JSON-LD)
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```typescript
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// src/pages/schema/post.json.ts
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import { getCollection } from 'astro:content';
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import { createSchemaEndpoint } from '@jdevalk/astro-seo-graph';
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import { buildArticle, buildWebPage, makeIds } from '@jdevalk/seo-graph-core';
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const ids = makeIds({ siteUrl: 'https://example.com' });
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export const GET = createSchemaEndpoint({
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entries: () => getCollection('blog'),
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mapper: (post) => {
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const url = `https://example.com/${post.id}/`;
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return [
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buildWebPage({ url, name: post.data.title, isPartOf: { '@id': ids.website }, datePublished: post.data.publishDate }, ids),
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buildArticle({ url, isPartOf: { '@id': ids.webPage(url) }, author: { '@id': ids.person }, headline: post.data.title, description: post.data.description ?? '', datePublished: post.data.publishDate }, ids, 'BlogPosting'),
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];
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},
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});
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```
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### Schema Map (`/schemamap.xml`)
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```typescript
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// src/pages/schemamap.xml.ts
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import { createSchemaMap } from '@jdevalk/astro-seo-graph';
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export const GET = createSchemaMap({
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siteUrl: 'https://example.com',
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entries: [
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{ path: '/schema/post.json', lastModified: new Date() },
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{ path: '/schema/page.json', lastModified: new Date() },
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],
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});
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```
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### API Catalog (RFC 9727)
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```typescript
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// src/pages/.well-known/api-catalog.ts
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import { createApiCatalog } from '@jdevalk/astro-seo-graph';
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export const GET = createApiCatalog({
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siteUrl: 'https://example.com',
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schemaEndpoints: [
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{ path: '/schema/post.json', schemaType: 'BlogPosting', serviceDoc: '/about/' },
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],
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schemaMap: { path: '/schemamap.xml' },
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});
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```
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### Markdown Alternates
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Serve a `.md` version of every page so agents can consume content without HTML parsing:
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```typescript
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// src/pages/blog/[...slug].md.ts
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import { getCollection } from 'astro:content';
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import { createMarkdownEndpoint } from '@jdevalk/astro-seo-graph';
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export const getStaticPaths = async () => {
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const posts = await getCollection('blog');
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return posts.map((p) => ({ params: { slug: p.id } }));
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};
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export const GET = createMarkdownEndpoint({
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entries: () => getCollection('blog'),
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mapper: (post, slug) =>
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post.id !== slug ? null : {
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frontmatter: { title: post.data.title, canonical: `https://example.com/blog/${post.id}/`, pubDate: post.data.publishDate },
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body: post.body ?? '',
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},
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});
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```
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Enable the discovery link:
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```typescript
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// astro.config.mjs
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seoGraph({ markdownAlternate: true });
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```
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Emits `<link rel="alternate" type="text/markdown" href="…">` on every page.
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### Content Negotiation via Cloudflare (no SSR)
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Transform Rule in the dashboard (works on free plan):
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```
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When: http.request.headers["accept"][0] contains "text/markdown"
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AND ends_with(http.request.uri.path, "/")
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AND NOT starts_with(http.request.uri.path, "/_")
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Rewrite URI path (dynamic): wildcard_replace(http.request.uri.path, "*/", "${1}.md")
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```
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|
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Turns `/blog/post/` → `/blog/post.md` before cache lookup. No need for `Vary: Accept` header — Cloudflare strips custom Vary values.
|
||
|
||
### llms.txt
|
||
|
||
```typescript
|
||
seoGraph({
|
||
llmsTxt: {
|
||
title: 'My Site',
|
||
siteUrl: 'https://example.com',
|
||
summary: 'A blog about web development, Astro, and SEO.',
|
||
},
|
||
});
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
Generates `/llms.txt` automatically at build time listing all pages.
|
||
|
||
### NLWeb Discovery
|
||
|
||
`<link>` tag for conversational endpoint (Microsoft protocol):
|
||
|
||
```html
|
||
<link rel="nlweb" href="https://example.com/api/nlweb" />
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
NLWeb allows AI agents to make conversational queries against site content via schema.org structured data. Still early days but the setup is trivial.
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## 11. Performance SEO
|
||
|
||
### No-Vary-Search
|
||
|
||
UTM params break caching: `?utm_source=linkedin` and `?utm_source=email` are different resources to the browser. Header that fixes it:
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
No-Vary-Search: key-order, params=("utm_source" "utm_medium" "utm_campaign" "utm_content" "utm_term")
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
**Status:** IETF draft (`draft-ietf-httpbis-no-vary-search`), supported in Chrome, degrades gracefully elsewhere.
|
||
|
||
Configure in `_headers` (Cloudflare Pages / Netlify):
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
/*
|
||
No-Vary-Search: key-order, params=("utm_source" "utm_medium" "utm_campaign" "utm_content" "utm_term")
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### CDN Cache Headers
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
# _headers (Cloudflare Pages)
|
||
/_astro/*
|
||
Cache-Control: public, max-age=31536000, immutable
|
||
|
||
/og/*
|
||
Cache-Control: public, max-age=31536000, immutable
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
Hashed assets under `/_astro/` never need revalidation — the filename changes when content changes.
|
||
|
||
### View Transitions Prefetch
|
||
|
||
```astro
|
||
---
|
||
// src/layouts/Base.astro
|
||
import { ClientRouter } from 'astro:transitions';
|
||
---
|
||
<head>
|
||
<ClientRouter defaultStrategy="viewport" />
|
||
</head>
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
`defaultStrategy: 'viewport'` prefetches links as they scroll into view, making navigation feel instant while keeping initial load minimal.
|
||
|
||
### Font Preloading
|
||
|
||
```html
|
||
<link rel="preload" href="/fonts/Inter.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin />
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## 12. Redirects
|
||
|
||
### Per platform
|
||
|
||
| Platform | File | Format |
|
||
|---|---|---|
|
||
| Cloudflare Pages | `public/_redirects` | `/old /new 301` |
|
||
| Netlify | `public/_redirects` or `netlify.toml` | Same format |
|
||
| Vercel | `vercel.json` | `{ "source": "/old", "destination": "/new", "permanent": true }` |
|
||
|
||
### FuzzyRedirect on 404
|
||
|
||
Safety net for URLs that slip through redirect tables:
|
||
|
||
```astro
|
||
---
|
||
// src/pages/404.astro
|
||
import FuzzyRedirect from '@jdevalk/astro-seo-graph/FuzzyRedirect.astro';
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
<html lang="en">
|
||
<head><title>Page not found</title></head>
|
||
<body>
|
||
<h1>Page not found</h1>
|
||
<p>The page you're looking for doesn't exist.</p>
|
||
<FuzzyRedirect />
|
||
<p><a href="/">Go to the homepage</a></p>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</html>
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
Behavior:
|
||
- Fetches `/sitemap-index.xml`, computes Levenshtein similarity
|
||
- **0.6–0.85 similarity**: shows "Did you mean /correct-path/?"
|
||
- **>0.85**: auto-redirects with `window.location.replace`
|
||
- **<0.6**: does nothing
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## 13. RSS with Full Content
|
||
|
||
```typescript
|
||
// src/pages/rss.xml.ts
|
||
import rss from '@astrojs/rss';
|
||
import { getCollection } from 'astro:content';
|
||
|
||
export async function GET(context) {
|
||
const posts = await getCollection('blog');
|
||
return rss({
|
||
title: 'My Blog',
|
||
description: 'Latest posts',
|
||
site: context.site,
|
||
items: posts.map((post) => ({
|
||
title: post.data.title,
|
||
pubDate: post.data.publishDate,
|
||
description: post.data.description,
|
||
link: `/blog/${post.id}/`,
|
||
content: post.body, // Full content, not excerpts
|
||
})),
|
||
});
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
**Include full content in the feed** — truncated feeds frustrate readers and give AI systems less to work with.
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## 14. Dynamic robots.txt
|
||
|
||
```typescript
|
||
// src/pages/robots.txt.ts
|
||
export function GET() {
|
||
return new Response(
|
||
`User-agent: *
|
||
Allow: /
|
||
|
||
Sitemap: https://example.com/sitemap-index.xml
|
||
Schemamap: https://example.com/schemamap.xml
|
||
`,
|
||
{ headers: { 'Content-Type': 'text/plain' } },
|
||
);
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
The `Schemamap:` directive points agents to the schema map — similar to `Sitemap:` but for structured data.
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## 15. Implementation Checklist
|
||
|
||
- [ ] `@jdevalk/astro-seo-graph` installed and `<Seo>` in all layouts
|
||
- [ ] JSON-LD `@graph` with full entities (WebSite, Person, WebPage, Article, BreadcrumbList)
|
||
- [ ] Trust signals: `publishingPrinciples`, `knowsAbout`, `SearchAction`
|
||
- [ ] `seoSchema` in content collection with title/desc validation
|
||
- [ ] `seoGraph()` integration with all validations enabled
|
||
- [ ] Per-collection sitemaps with `gitLastmod`
|
||
- [ ] IndexNow configured and key route deployed
|
||
- [ ] Auto-generated OG images (1200×675 JPEG)
|
||
- [ ] Schema endpoints + `/schemamap.xml`
|
||
- [ ] Markdown alternates with `<link rel="alternate" type="text/markdown">`
|
||
- [ ] `llms.txt` generated automatically
|
||
- [ ] `<link rel="nlweb">` (when endpoint available)
|
||
- [ ] `No-Vary-Search` header for UTM params
|
||
- [ ] CDN cache: immutable for `/_astro/*`
|
||
- [ ] View Transitions with viewport prefetch
|
||
- [ ] FuzzyRedirect on 404
|
||
- [ ] RSS with full content
|
||
- [ ] `robots.txt` with Sitemap + Schemamap
|
||
- [ ] Lychee in CI for broken external links
|
||
- [ ] `/.well-known/api-catalog` (RFC 9727)
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## References
|
||
|
||
- [astro-seo-graph README](https://github.com/jdevalk/seo-graph/tree/main/packages/astro-seo-graph)
|
||
- [astro-seo-graph AGENTS.md](https://github.com/jdevalk/seo-graph/blob/main/AGENTS.md) — 3000+ lines with recipes for 14 site types
|
||
- [seo-graph-core](https://github.com/jdevalk/seo-graph/tree/main/packages/seo-graph-core)
|
||
- [IndexNow documentation](https://www.indexnow.org/documentation)
|
||
- [NLWeb protocol](https://github.com/nlweb-ai/NLWeb)
|
||
- [satori](https://github.com/vercel/satori) — JSX → SVG
|
||
- [sharp](https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com/) — SVG → JPEG/PNG
|
||
- [No-Vary-Search (MDN)](https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/HTTP/Reference/Headers/No-Vary-Search)
|
||
- [RFC 9727 — API Catalog](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9727)
|
||
- [llms.txt standard](https://llmstxt.org)
|
||
- [Joost: Astro SEO definitive guide](https://joost.blog/astro-seo-complete-guide/)
|
||
- [Joost: Agent-ready static blog](https://joost.blog/agent-ready/)
|